01
CCTV REFERENCE EVIDENCE
2.08 cameras / 1k
48,033 reported cameras in Cairo. Reference-city evidence only; national scope is not inferred.
Open CCTV sourceTHE EVIDENCE STACK
Seven records
Different claims
Every measure has its own source, date, and scope. The country profile keeps them distinct by design.
FACE / BIOMETRIC
Documented active use
New Administrative Capital · 2023
Reuters reporting describes a large camera network with facial-recognition capability planned for Egypt’s New Administrative Capital. It does not demonstrate nationwide use.
AI USE SCOPE
Crowd analytics
2023-01 · Medium confidence
Reporting on Egypt’s New Administrative Capital describes a camera network with analytical and facial-recognition capability in a specific smart-city context.
The record is limited to a named smart-city setting; national scale and operational decision practices are not inferred.
Context · New Administrative CapitalPRIVATE-CAMERA LINK
No comparable public evidence located
Pilot evidence review · 2026-08
The review identified camera-installation and public-network reporting, but did not validate a distinct, accessible public–private access programme for this initial layer.
SAFEGUARDS CONTEXT
9.8 / 100
WJP 2025 Factor 4.6: protection from arbitrary interference with privacy in practice. The score changed -0.3 points from 2024.
Open WJP sourceSUPPLIER / PROCUREMENT
Evidence gap retained
Not documented in this release
No attributed supplier, public body, and surveillance-relevant system chain was verified for this pilot record.
An evidence gap is not a finding that no supplier, contract, or public procurement exists.
No comparable public source located in this reviewINCIDENTS & REDRESS
Documented allegation
22 Sep 2023 · Egypt · targeted mobile-device surveillance
Predator spyware targeting of Ahmed Eltantawy
Citizen Lab reported forensic evidence of attempts to target former MP Ahmed Eltantawy with Cytrox’s Predator spyware after he announced a presidential bid, and stated its technical attribution to the Egyptian government with high confidence.
The entry uses Citizen Lab’s stated attribution and scope; it does not assert a court-established finding or identify every user of the technology.
Citizen Lab · University of Toronto Open incidents & redressDATA INFRASTRUCTURE & JURISDICTION
Where data may sit, and what can govern it
These are separate contextual records. Data-centre capacity is not evidence of surveillance access; legal powers are not evidence of their use.
CONTEXT, NOT PROOF
Core capacity information is market reporting and localisation is sensitivity-based, so the layer should not be overread as a universal hosting regime.
Medium confidenceReported strategy context
2025
Public market reporting describes a national cloud and data-centre strategy; the pilot does not turn this into a facility-comparison metric.
Sensitivity-based localisation
2024
Cloud First policy reporting describes domestic hosting for secret and top-secret government data, rather than a universal personal-data rule.
Government Cloud First policy
2024
Public policy reporting describes cloud prioritisation for government entities and licensed providers; workload scope is not inferred.
Retention and disclosure powers
2018
Cybercrime-law material provides a statutory context for data retention and access. It does not identify a named surveillance system.
SOURCE HISTORY
When the record changed.
The timeline preserves source vintages and review dates so changes can be examined rather than announced without a record.
- 2024
- 2025-06CCTV evidence source
Cairo: 48,033 reported cameras; 2.08 per 1,000 people in the documented reference place.
Open source - 2025
- 2023Facial-recognition record
Reuters reporting describes a large camera network with facial-recognition capability planned for Egypt’s New Administrative Capital. It does not demonstrate nationwide use.
Open source - 2026-08Camera-integration record
The review identified camera-installation and public-network reporting, but did not validate a distinct, accessible public–private access programme for this initial layer.
No comparable public source located in this review - 2023-01AI use-scope record
Crowd analytics · Live public space · Enforcement support. Reporting on Egypt’s New Administrative Capital describes a camera network with analytical and facial-recognition capability in a specific smart-city context.
Open source - 2026-08Supplier / procurement record
No attributed supplier, public body, and surveillance-relevant system chain was verified for this pilot record.
No comparable public source located in this review - 2025Data-infrastructure context
Public market reporting describes a national cloud and data-centre strategy; the pilot does not turn this into a facility-comparison metric.
Open source - 2018Lawful-access context
Cybercrime-law material provides a statutory context for data retention and access. It does not identify a named surveillance system.
Open source - 22 Sep 2023Incident / redress record
Documented allegation: Citizen Lab reported forensic evidence of attempts to target former MP Ahmed Eltantawy with Cytrox’s Predator spyware after he announced a presidential bid, and stated its technical attribution to the Egyptian government with high confidence.
Open source - 2026-08Layer evidence review
Record category: Partial layer record. This version preserves gaps rather than treating them as evidence of absence.
No comparable public source located in this review
REVIEWED PUBLIC UPDATES
Accepted additions and corrections.
Community submissions remain private until an editor checks the source, scope, and status. Only accepted changes appear here.
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